Overview

The Union Budget 2025-26 was presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman with the theme “Sabka Vikas” (Development for All), focusing on balanced growth across all regions. The budget emphasizes four key engines of growth: Agriculture, MSMEs, Investment, and Exports.

Key Financial Highlights | मुख्य वित्तीय विशेषताएं:

• Total expenditure: ₹50.65 lakh crore
• Total receipts (excluding borrowings): ₹34.96 lakh crore
• Fiscal deficit: 4.4% of GDP
• Capital expenditure: ₹11.21 lakh crore (3.1% of GDP)

Sector-wise Investment Table | सेक्टर-वार निवेश तालिका

Sector सेक्टर	Investment निवेश	Key Allocations मुख्य आवंटन
Infrastructure अवसंरचना	₹11.21 lakh crore	Capital expenditure allocation
Urban Development शहरी विकास	₹1 lakh crore	Urban Challenge Fund for cities development
States Support राज्य सहायता	₹1.5 lakh crore	50-year interest-free loans for capital expenditure
Maritime Development समुद्री विकास	₹25,000 crore	Maritime Development Fund with 49% government contribution
Nuclear Energy परमाणु ऊर्जा	₹20,000 crore	Nuclear Energy Mission for small modular reactors
Housing आवास	₹15,000 crore	SWAMIH Fund-2 for completion of 1 lakh dwelling units
AI in Education शिक्षा में एआई	₹500 crore	Centre of Excellence in AI for education
Asset Monetization संपत्ति मुद्रीकरण	₹10 lakh crore	Asset Monetization Plan 2025-30

Key Schemes | मुख्य योजनाएं

Agriculture & Rural Development | कृषि और ग्रामीण विकास

1. Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana | प्रधानमंत्री धन-धान्य कृषि योजना
   • Coverage: 100 districts with low productivity
   • Beneficiaries: 1.7 crore farmers
2. Aatmanirbharta in Pulses | दालों में आत्मनिर्भरता
   • Six-year mission for self-reliance in pulses
   • Central agencies to procure three pulses from farmers
3. Kisan Credit Card Enhancement | किसान क्रेडिट कार्ड संवर्धन
   • Loan limit increased from ₹3 lakh to ₹5 lakh

MSMEs & Manufacturing | एमएसएमई और विनिर्माण

1. Credit Cards for Micro Enterprises | सूक्ष्म उद्यमों के लिए क्रेडिट कार्ड
   • Enhanced access to credit for small businesses
2. Scheme for First-time Entrepreneurs | प्रथम बार उद्यमियों के लिए योजना
   • For 5 lakh women, SC/ST entrepreneurs
   • Term loans up to ₹2 crore for 5 years
3. Focus Product Scheme for Footwear & Leather | फुटवियर और चमड़ा फोकस उत्पाद योजना
   • Employment for 22 lakh persons
   • Expected turnover of ₹4 lakh crore

Education & Skill Development | शिक्षा और कौशल विकास

1. Atal Tinkering Labs | अटल टिंकरिंग लैब्स
   • 50,000 labs in government schools over 5 years
2. Bharatiya Bhasha Pustak Scheme | भारतीय भाषा पुस्तक योजना
   • Digital Indian language books for education
3. National Centres of Excellence for Skilling | कौशल के लिए राष्ट्रीय उत्कृष्टता केंद्र
   • Five centers with global expertise and partnerships

Healthcare & Social Security | स्वास्थ्य और सामाजिक सुरक्षा

1. Day Care Cancer Centres | दिन देखभाल कैंसर केंद्र
   • In all district hospitals over 3 years
   • 200 centers in 2025-26
2. Social Security for Gig Workers | गिग श्रमिकों के लिए सामाजिक सुरक्षा
   • Identity cards and e-Shram portal registration
   • Healthcare under PM Jan Arogya Yojana
3. PM SVANidhi Revamp | पीएम स्वनिधि पुनर्गठन
   • Enhanced loans with UPI-linked credit cards
   • ₹30,000 limit

Key Points for Competitive Exams | प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं के लिए मुख्य बिंदु

Economic Indicators | आर्थिक संकेतक

• Fiscal Deficit: 4.4% of GDP in FY26, down from 4.8% in FY25
• FDI in Insurance: Increased from 74% to 100%
• Capital Expenditure: ₹11.21 lakh crore (3.1% of GDP)

Tax Reforms | कर सुधार

• No income tax up to ₹12 lakh in new regime
• Standard deduction increased to ₹75,000 for salaried employees
• TDS limit for rent raised to ₹6 lakh from ₹2.4 lakh

Infrastructure Focus | अवसंरचना फोकस

• Jal Jeevan Mission extended till 2028 for 100% coverage
• UDAN Scheme: Regional connectivity to 120 new destinations
• Broadband connectivity to all government secondary schools and PHCs

Innovation & Technology | नवाचार और प्रौद्योगिकी

• Deep Tech Fund of Funds for innovation support
• Gene Bank for Crops Germplasm for agricultural research
• National Geospatial Mission for mapping and surveying

Important Facts for Exams | परीक्षाओं के लिए महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य

Budget Theme & Vision | बजट थीम और दृष्टि

• Theme: “Sabka Vikas” – Development for All
• Vision: Viksit Bharat by 2047 with zero poverty
• Focus Areas: Garib (Poor), Youth, Annadata (Farmers), Nari (Women)

Key Ministries & Allocations | मुख्य मंत्रालय और आवंटन

• Ten broad development areas spanning agriculture to innovation
• Six reform domains: Taxation, Power, Urban Development, Mining, Financial Sector, Regulatory Reforms
• Four engines of growth: Agriculture, MSMEs, Investment, Exports

Financial Sector Reforms | वित्तीय क्षेत्र सुधार

• Grameen Credit Score framework for rural credit
• Revamped Central KYC registry rollout in 2025
• Jan Vishwas Bill 2.0 to decriminalize 100+ provisions

This comprehensive analysis covers the major aspects of India’s Budget 2025-26, providing essential information for competitive exam preparation in both English and Hindi.